Kropki Pairs

What is the Kropki Pairs rule?

Kropki Pairs is a variant sudoku rule: digits separated by a white dot are consecutive; digits separated by a black dot are in a 1:2 ratio. Not all possible dots may be given.

In every puzzle here the setter’s own rules text is shown beside the board, so the exact wording for the puzzle you are solving is always one glance away. All normal sudoku rules apply unless the setter says otherwise.